Ultrasonic sensor application for autonomous driving technology
2021-05-02
Ultrasonic is mainly used for parking ranging, auxiliary braking, etc., and the measuring range is short. However, in the reversing assist process, the ultrasonic sensor usually needs to be combined with the controller and the display to inform the driver of the sound with a sound or more intuitive display. In the case of obstacles, the driver's parking, reversing and starting the vehicle are disturbed by the front, rear, left and right visits, and help the driver to remove the blind spots of vision and blurred vision, and improve driving safety.
In terms of use effect, the ultrasonic radar has strong penetrability, and the method of ranging is simple and the cost is low. However, since ultrasonic waves are mechanical waves, their effects are affected by the propagation medium. For example, due to weather conditions, the transmission speed of ultrasonic waves is different under different weather conditions, and the propagation speed is slow. In addition, when the car is driving at a high speed, the use of ultrasonic ranging cannot keep up with the car's distance in real time, and the error is large, which affects the measurement accuracy.
With the rapid development of science and technology, ultrasonic waves will be more and more widely used in sensors. In the industrial revolutions of human civilization, sensing technology has always played an important role as a pioneer. It is a key technology that runs through various technologies and applications. It is almost ubiquitous in all areas that people can imagine. For example, the development trend of sonar is basically: to develop passive ranging sonar with higher positioning accuracy to meet the needs of full concealed attacks in underwater weapons; continue to develop submarine tow line array sonar using low frequency line spectrum detection Ultra-long-range passive detection and identification; develop submarine sonar that is more suitable for shallow sea work, especially to solve target recognition problems in shallow seawater; vigorously reduce submarine self-noise and improve submarine sonar working environment.
Looking into the future, ultrasonic sensors, as a new and very important and useful tool, will have a lot of room for development in all aspects. It will develop towards higher positioning and high precision to meet the needs of the growing society, ultrasonic sensors. The application in the car can be described as an irresistible existence. It is known that autonomous driving is very important. At present, the self-driving car is equipped with ranging and obstacle avoidance, mainly using sensor ultrasonic, millimeter wave, camera and laser. These three methods can be used in autonomous driving according to different ranging scenarios. The following is a small series to specifically talk about the role of ultrasonic sensors in automotive applications.
Ultrasonic is mainly used for parking ranging, auxiliary braking, etc., and the measuring range is short. However, in the reversing assist process, the ultrasonic sensor usually needs to be combined with the controller and the display to inform the driver of the sound with a sound or more intuitive display. In the case of obstacles, the driver's parking, reversing and starting the vehicle are disturbed by the front, rear, left and right visits, and help the driver to remove the blind spots of vision and blurred vision, and improve driving safety. In terms of use effect, the ultrasonic radar has strong penetrability, and the method of ranging is simple and the cost is low. However, since ultrasonic waves are mechanical waves, their effects are affected by the propagation medium. For example, due to weather conditions, the transmission speed of ultrasonic waves is different under different weather conditions, and the propagation speed is slow. In addition, when the car is driving at a high speed, the use of ultrasonic ranging cannot keep up with the car's distance in real time, and the error is large, which affects the measurement accuracy.
Regarding the car ranging, Chongqing Bochuang Shengyuan Technology Co., Ltd. developed the “Unmanned Vehicle Ultrasonic Sensor”, which has attracted the attention of many judges and enterprises because of its accurate ranging of up to 20 meters. This 20-meter ultrasonic technology makes the inexpensive ultrasound no longer only used on the reversing radar, but also greatly reduces the hardware cost of the autonomous driving environment sensing technology.
The ultrasonic measurement range is the closest, while the millimeter wave and laser are responsible for long-distance measurement. For example, the millimeter wave measurement range is 200 meters, and the laser is more than 100 meters. For example, the self-driving car released by Google, its laser technology for ranging and obstacle avoidance, is extremely expensive, and the cost of laser sensors alone is 600,000 RMB, which is more expensive than a car. For the mass production of autonomous vehicles, the cost is difficult to be accepted by the market. The cost of millimeter waves is lower than that of lasers, and it only costs thousands of dollars, but the range is mainly for the distant, and the ability for near proximity is low. Compared with these two sensors, the use of ultrasonic sensors to measure distance and avoid obstacles, the cost is much lower. “Now our automatic parking is the ultrasonic sensor used, the cost is very low. However, the traditional ultrasonic sensor, its ranging is only 1.5 meters to 2 meters, the detection range is very limited, most of which can only be used on reverse.
Ultrasonic sensors have been reported to measure up to 5 meters. Ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, indoor test data shows that in the ideal state, the distance measurement can reach 20 meters, and has high measurement accuracy, which will greatly improve the safety of driving, and the low price is more beneficial to the vehicle. Mass production. Compared with the current two-meter ranging, the 20-meter range is already 10 times larger, and most importantly, it has high accuracy in such a large measurement range. The materials they use are new piezoelectric ceramic materials, and the signal processing technology uses multi-scene signal processing analysis technology under complex media environment conditions, and the accuracy can reach centimeter level.
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